Taxes, freedom of speech and power were all things that led up to conflict.
The British devised a new system of Government that brought an uprising led by the rich and by power. The colonists thought that the British should leave their rights alone and not change them, they thought that without Kings they could govern themselves.The colonists admires everything England.
The real power was in the hands of Aristocracy. This power thought that the founding fathers who were George Washington, John Adams and Benjamin Franklin, were "insignificant prudentials." They were looked down upon because, even though they were wealthy, they were commoners. Virginia said that they were not respected in England and that they were imposed on because they enforced the Stamp Act in which items with a stamp are taxed. Some people today say that this was one of the "dumbest acts in the history of Governments" and that the "power to tax was the power to destroy."
Friday, October 31, 2008
Text Analysis for "Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death"
Who is writing?
Patrick Henry wrote the speech “Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death” addressed to the House of Burgesses.
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Who is the audience?
The audience is the House of Burgesses; Patrick Henry was trying to persuade them to pass a motion which would send Virginian troops to the Revolutionary War.
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>
Who does the writer represent?
The writer represents himself and also, the troops he is wanting to send to war. I think he represents himself because he wrote this speech with his ideas in mind of what he wanted to address. The troops are also represented because the speech is talking about sending them into the war, which is what the speech is about.
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>
What is being said?
Patrick Henry is addressing the House of Burgesses arguing that they should send Virginian troops to the Revolutionary War. Patrick Henry implies that “[n]o man thinks more highly than I do of the Patriotism…” Henry also states, to those troops he arguing to be sent, that he “…hope[s] it will not be disrespectful to those gentlemen” who see this “subject in [a] different [light].” Henry is also saying that he wants freedom for the country.
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>
How is it being said?
I think that Patrick Henry’s speech is being said strong and straight forward, but also respectful. I think it is straight forward and strong because he is saying what he thinks and how he thinks it should be, also why it should be that way. However, he is respectful about it, for instance, when he talked about the troops, who see different views of the subject, he said he did not mean to cause disrespect to them, he was just stating his opinion of the matter.
<
>
What proof and/or justification is being said?
I think that the proof of what is being said is the entire document itself because this is the speech that Patrick Henry himself wrote about what he was wanting in terms of the troops and war.
Patrick Henry wrote the speech “Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death” addressed to the House of Burgesses.
<
>
Who is the audience?
The audience is the House of Burgesses; Patrick Henry was trying to persuade them to pass a motion which would send Virginian troops to the Revolutionary War.
<
>
Who does the writer represent?
The writer represents himself and also, the troops he is wanting to send to war. I think he represents himself because he wrote this speech with his ideas in mind of what he wanted to address. The troops are also represented because the speech is talking about sending them into the war, which is what the speech is about.
<
>
What is being said?
Patrick Henry is addressing the House of Burgesses arguing that they should send Virginian troops to the Revolutionary War. Patrick Henry implies that “[n]o man thinks more highly than I do of the Patriotism…” Henry also states, to those troops he arguing to be sent, that he “…hope[s] it will not be disrespectful to those gentlemen” who see this “subject in [a] different [light].” Henry is also saying that he wants freedom for the country.
<
>
How is it being said?
I think that Patrick Henry’s speech is being said strong and straight forward, but also respectful. I think it is straight forward and strong because he is saying what he thinks and how he thinks it should be, also why it should be that way. However, he is respectful about it, for instance, when he talked about the troops, who see different views of the subject, he said he did not mean to cause disrespect to them, he was just stating his opinion of the matter.
<
>
What proof and/or justification is being said?
I think that the proof of what is being said is the entire document itself because this is the speech that Patrick Henry himself wrote about what he was wanting in terms of the troops and war.
Wednesday, October 29, 2008
Summaries for Text Analysis:
Summary: Circular Letter of the Boston Committee of Correspondence.
--The Committee of Correspondence document is about the start of colonists asking for their own "natural justice" or rights. They are writing a letter to Parliament asking this and telling them that "...persons inimical to and deeply prejudiced against inhabitants...by an Act to punish them..." They also expressed, in the conclusion of this letter that they are "...not in the least intimidated by [the] inhumane treatment." " [W]e are still determined to maintain to the utmost of our abilities the rights of America;" although they knew that the British had really no interest in their rights, they still fought for them.
Summary: Letter from New York Committee of Fifty-One to the Boston Committee of Correspondence.
--This document is the response letter from the British Parliament to the countrymen of the last document. The Parliament expresses thanks to the people of the first letter, however, they said that they would take their thoughts about their rights into consideration. They also said that they were going to "appoint a large committee." The Parliament told the countrymen that "[they] shall continue to act with a firm and becoming regard to American freedom," later on saying that they would "...carry it into execution."
Summary: Declaration and Resolves of the First Continental Congress.
--The Declaration is implementing the resolutions of the Congress. The British Parliament states that they have the right to "bind the people of America," by establishing a board of commissioners. This document is stating all the resolutions to what the Parliament had decided. Deciding that the colonists had "...their rights and liberties." Entitling them "...to life, liberty and property."
--The Committee of Correspondence document is about the start of colonists asking for their own "natural justice" or rights. They are writing a letter to Parliament asking this and telling them that "...persons inimical to and deeply prejudiced against inhabitants...by an Act to punish them..." They also expressed, in the conclusion of this letter that they are "...not in the least intimidated by [the] inhumane treatment." " [W]e are still determined to maintain to the utmost of our abilities the rights of America;" although they knew that the British had really no interest in their rights, they still fought for them.
Summary: Letter from New York Committee of Fifty-One to the Boston Committee of Correspondence.
--This document is the response letter from the British Parliament to the countrymen of the last document. The Parliament expresses thanks to the people of the first letter, however, they said that they would take their thoughts about their rights into consideration. They also said that they were going to "appoint a large committee." The Parliament told the countrymen that "[they] shall continue to act with a firm and becoming regard to American freedom," later on saying that they would "...carry it into execution."
Summary: Declaration and Resolves of the First Continental Congress.
--The Declaration is implementing the resolutions of the Congress. The British Parliament states that they have the right to "bind the people of America," by establishing a board of commissioners. This document is stating all the resolutions to what the Parliament had decided. Deciding that the colonists had "...their rights and liberties." Entitling them "...to life, liberty and property."
Tuesday, October 28, 2008
Essay #1 Reflection
>>>>>The second day of class is when we truly started the essay process, though most of us didn’t realize that until a couple of weeks ago. Until then, I wondered why we were doing all of these different things that, at the time, seemed out of the blue. As I sit here, excited that my Bacon’s Rebellion essay is completed, I’m thankful for all of the things we did in class, though sometimes it was boring. If it wasn’t for what we learned in class, I bet that our essays wouldn’t be as well written as they are now. The writing process for me, was long and sometimes complicated, however I know my essay is well written and I learned new things about my writing process's, I learned that outlines are what really helped me. I think that as I look back at my writing philosophy I think I fulfilled it, though expressing "me" in my writing, not in a boring way, was harder than I thought it would be. But I do think that it turned out well and that I did pretty much stick to my philosophy. Writing about history was different than I expected to, in the beginning it was difficult however as we moved on, getting new sources and started formulating what part of Bacon's Rebellion we would really focus on, it became easier. It was very beneficial to learn about different interpretations from other writers, and how that could influence our writing and perspectives. Also, it was beneficial by using different templates to enhance our writing. It wasn’t necessarily about what others wanted from us; it was about what we wanted to share to them. I thought the writing process greatly influenced the quality in my essay and I feel that it is a great turnout!
Monday, October 27, 2008
Text Analysis: Stamp Act Congress of 1765
-Who wrote it?
The Continental Congress wrote the Stamp Act of 1765.
-Who is the audience?
The audience is all the people of the British colonies since it talks specifically about the Majesty’s “subjects” of these colonies.
-Who do the writers represent?
I think that the writers represent the British subjects of the colonies. The document specifically repeats the “subjects” as though they are represented.
-What is being said?
What is being said in the Stamp Act is that this is “an act for granting and applying certain stamp duties” on the colonies, to their “Majesty.”
-How is it being said?
I think this is being said firmly because it is a set of “duties.” It is also being said calmly, not harsh like most other documents, just saying what the want to say composed.
-What proof and/or justification is being used?
I think that the proof of this document comes in the introduction where it says “[h]is Majesty’s Person and Government, inviolably attached to the present happy establishment of the Protestant Succession…impending the misfortunes of British colonies.” I think it is implying that they experienced a lot of hardship from British colonies justifying this document.
The Continental Congress wrote the Stamp Act of 1765.
-Who is the audience?
The audience is all the people of the British colonies since it talks specifically about the Majesty’s “subjects” of these colonies.
-Who do the writers represent?
I think that the writers represent the British subjects of the colonies. The document specifically repeats the “subjects” as though they are represented.
-What is being said?
What is being said in the Stamp Act is that this is “an act for granting and applying certain stamp duties” on the colonies, to their “Majesty.”
-How is it being said?
I think this is being said firmly because it is a set of “duties.” It is also being said calmly, not harsh like most other documents, just saying what the want to say composed.
-What proof and/or justification is being used?
I think that the proof of this document comes in the introduction where it says “[h]is Majesty’s Person and Government, inviolably attached to the present happy establishment of the Protestant Succession…impending the misfortunes of British colonies.” I think it is implying that they experienced a lot of hardship from British colonies justifying this document.
Sunday, October 26, 2008
Bacon's Rebellion Reflection
>>>>>The second day of class is when we truly started the essay process, though most of us didn’t realize that until a couple of weeks ago. Until then, I wondered why we were doing all of these different things that, at the time, seemed out of the blue. As I sit here, excited that my Bacon’s Rebellion essay is completed, I’m thankful for all of the things Craig and Ben have made us do, though sometimes it was boring. If it wasn’t for what they taught us, I bet that our essays wouldn’t be as well written as they are now. The writing process for me, was long and sometimes complicated, however I know my essay is well written and not put together an hour before it was due. It was very beneficial to learn about different interpretations from other writers, and how that could influence our writing. Also, it was beneficial by using different templates to enhance our writing. It wasn’t necessarily about what others wanted from us; it was about what we wanted to share to them. I thought the writing process greatly influenced the quality in my essay and I feel that it is a great turnout!
Final Draft: During Bacon's Rebellion, why did mass consumption of tobacco from colonies affect the decreasing price?
>>>>> There were many contributing factors that affected the price of tobacco during Bacon's Rebellion. Those contributing factors caused the decrease in tobacco prices. A number of authors and historians have suggested that there are many reasons for Bacon’s Rebellion. The primary contributing factors were tobacco taxation, production and health reasons. Though these all connect to the cause of tobacco’s decreasing price, supply and demand has the greatest effect.
>
>
>>>>>In the Chesapeake, increased supply made the cost of tobacco affordable to both the rich and the poor. The Virginia Company started to produce and trade tobacco which attracted indulgence of tobacco. At first, the "...Virginia Company had no plans to grow and sell tobacco [,]" (Roark pg.77) however, “John Rolfe… planted West Indian tobacco seeds in 1612 and learned they flourished in Virginia” (Roark pg.77). Since the amount of tobacco produced increased, tobacco became affordable to a wider range of people, not just the wealthy. Tobacco "...became an affordable indulgence used often by many people" (Roark pg.77). Due to affordability colonists, slaves and Native Americans became consumed by tobacco. The availability gave all people the option to smoke tobacco. Some colonists said, “[e]veryone smokes while working or idling" (Roark pg.77). The cost of tobacco caused more intensive work for colonists to farm crop on the fields in Virginia.
>
>
>>>>>Tobacco farming needs caused the settlers to keep up with consumption demands by accumulating more land to grow the crop. The demand for land to grow tobacco was very important to Bacon’s Rebellion. Without land there was less growth of tobacco crops. This caused invasion onto Native American lands. There was a large demand for tobacco, and for hard labor from settlers, to produce enough to meet the tobacco demand. As the demand for tobacco increased, production of enough tobacco crops was essential. This demand caused more work for the settlers. The "...planters grew as much tobacco as possible” (Roark pg.77). The planters, whom were overworked, consisted mostly of indentured servants and slaves, both black and white. It was said that “the English settlers worked hard because their labor promised greater rewards…” (Roark pg.77). The hard work from these settlers meant that they received certain rewards for their work, such as land or time taken off of their indentured servitude. Having enough land was vital for planters to grow enough tobacco. Colonists cleared lands to plant tobacco crop in a unique way. The colonists cleared lands to plant tobacco by clearing all trees, but leaving the stumps, and planting around them. The American Promise by James L. Roark says that “Girdling brought sunlight to clearing but left fields studded with tree stumps, making the use of plows impractical” (Roark pg. 77). “Girdling” is a process where the colonists cut a ring around the tree, eventually causing the tree to die. This process allowed planters to produce more tobacco crop for trade.
>
>
>>>>>In the 1600’s, tobacco was traded in many different ways to many different colonies. The increase in trade and demand affected the cost of tobacco, causing the price to decrease. Tobacco was mostly traded from the Chesapeake to the Europeans. English colonists traded tobacco which was sold mostly in European markets. “…English colonists in North America sent so much tobacco to European markets that it became an affordable indulgence used often by many people” (Roark pg.77). Europe decided the cost of tobacco colonists grew and sold. “The colonists grew tobacco to sell to English but English set the price” (Zinn and Stefoff pg. 39). With the price set by the Europeans, the colonists would grow the tobacco then sell it for a price less than they expected. Trade was an important way for colonists to increase tobacco consumption. Physicians told the consumers that tobacco was good for their health, causing them to use more tobacco.
>
>
>>>>>Colonists in the Chesapeake also consumed large amounts of tobacco because physicians and doctors told the settlers that smoking tobacco was an herbal way to “cleanse” your body. These people called it a “holy drug” by which you could be cured. The American Promise by James L. Roark wrote about these beliefs, that “physicians praised it as a wonder drug.” Some settlers did not believe that this was true. They believed it was harmful to their bodies and to their own health. England’s King James contradicted that smoking was healthy by saying that smoking was “A custome lothsome to the eye , hatefull to the the Nose, harmefull to the braine, dangerous to the Lungs, and in the blacke stinking fume thereof, nearest resembling the horrible…smoke of the pit that is bottomelesse” (Roark pg. 80). Today the known health effects of tobacco have worsened.
>
>
>>>>> Americans today tend to believe that consuming tobacco is bad for your health. Consuming tobacco has remained quite popular today, however, we now have strict laws and there are more harmful effects caused by the use of tobacco and heightened concerns of secondhand smoke. Tobacco consumption has been booming in recent times. Due to popular demand, use of tobacco has increased dramatically. Throughout the last decade, unlike the Chesapeake, tobacco prices have increased. Tobacco is sold with a “Sin tax” which is a tax levied on specific goods. This tax has increased the cost of tobacco which is causing it to become more and more expensive. Recently we have had tougher laws towards smoking because of the effects of secondhand smoke on non-smokers. Recent laws have prohibited smokers from smoking within 25ft of a building and in public places; the Washington State Legislature passed the law, RCW 70.160.030, which states that “No person may smoke in a public place or in any place of employment.” Tobacco continues to affect boundary lines today. Tobacco also has very harmful effects which are more harmful to your body than in the Chesapeake times. A lifetime or less of smoking can cause cancers and lung diseases. Within tobacco, makers have included additives to cigarettes, causing people to become more addicted. Truth.com says that "Because of the tobacco industry’s products, about 339 people in the U.S. die of lung cancer every day" (Truth facts). They also say that “[i]n the U.S., 34,693 people die each year from cancers other than lung, trachea, and bronchus caused by smoking" (Truth facts). These long term effects severely cause trauma to the human body and eventually may cause death.
>
>
>>>>>Tobacco prices had become affordable to everyone, not only the rich. Since these prices decreased and it became an affordable indulgence, settlers became more addicted to smoking tobacco. In conclusion, I agree that these reasons were all significant during Bacon’s Rebellion. Action was caused by a supply and demand effect of producing and using tobacco. Because of this supply and demand, there was an influx of decreasing prices in tobacco during the 1600’s, which increased popularity. The increased popularity in smoking raised health issues which remain today.
>
Citations:
- Tobacco and Slaves: The Development of Southern Cultures in the Chesapeake, 1680-1800. By Allan Kulikoff
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=NCvU9_bj-1QC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=Bacon%27s+Rebellion+tobacco+consumption&ots=AxtdkPGJKd&sig=kKrpNAWlGMfwQK1Bsm11x3f1Mhc
- http://www.thetruth.com/facts/facts.cfm?category=135
-http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=70.160.030
>
>
>>>>>In the Chesapeake, increased supply made the cost of tobacco affordable to both the rich and the poor. The Virginia Company started to produce and trade tobacco which attracted indulgence of tobacco. At first, the "...Virginia Company had no plans to grow and sell tobacco [,]" (Roark pg.77) however, “John Rolfe… planted West Indian tobacco seeds in 1612 and learned they flourished in Virginia” (Roark pg.77). Since the amount of tobacco produced increased, tobacco became affordable to a wider range of people, not just the wealthy. Tobacco "...became an affordable indulgence used often by many people" (Roark pg.77). Due to affordability colonists, slaves and Native Americans became consumed by tobacco. The availability gave all people the option to smoke tobacco. Some colonists said, “[e]veryone smokes while working or idling" (Roark pg.77). The cost of tobacco caused more intensive work for colonists to farm crop on the fields in Virginia.
>
>
>>>>>Tobacco farming needs caused the settlers to keep up with consumption demands by accumulating more land to grow the crop. The demand for land to grow tobacco was very important to Bacon’s Rebellion. Without land there was less growth of tobacco crops. This caused invasion onto Native American lands. There was a large demand for tobacco, and for hard labor from settlers, to produce enough to meet the tobacco demand. As the demand for tobacco increased, production of enough tobacco crops was essential. This demand caused more work for the settlers. The "...planters grew as much tobacco as possible” (Roark pg.77). The planters, whom were overworked, consisted mostly of indentured servants and slaves, both black and white. It was said that “the English settlers worked hard because their labor promised greater rewards…” (Roark pg.77). The hard work from these settlers meant that they received certain rewards for their work, such as land or time taken off of their indentured servitude. Having enough land was vital for planters to grow enough tobacco. Colonists cleared lands to plant tobacco crop in a unique way. The colonists cleared lands to plant tobacco by clearing all trees, but leaving the stumps, and planting around them. The American Promise by James L. Roark says that “Girdling brought sunlight to clearing but left fields studded with tree stumps, making the use of plows impractical” (Roark pg. 77). “Girdling” is a process where the colonists cut a ring around the tree, eventually causing the tree to die. This process allowed planters to produce more tobacco crop for trade.
>
>
>>>>>In the 1600’s, tobacco was traded in many different ways to many different colonies. The increase in trade and demand affected the cost of tobacco, causing the price to decrease. Tobacco was mostly traded from the Chesapeake to the Europeans. English colonists traded tobacco which was sold mostly in European markets. “…English colonists in North America sent so much tobacco to European markets that it became an affordable indulgence used often by many people” (Roark pg.77). Europe decided the cost of tobacco colonists grew and sold. “The colonists grew tobacco to sell to English but English set the price” (Zinn and Stefoff pg. 39). With the price set by the Europeans, the colonists would grow the tobacco then sell it for a price less than they expected. Trade was an important way for colonists to increase tobacco consumption. Physicians told the consumers that tobacco was good for their health, causing them to use more tobacco.
>
>
>>>>>Colonists in the Chesapeake also consumed large amounts of tobacco because physicians and doctors told the settlers that smoking tobacco was an herbal way to “cleanse” your body. These people called it a “holy drug” by which you could be cured. The American Promise by James L. Roark wrote about these beliefs, that “physicians praised it as a wonder drug.” Some settlers did not believe that this was true. They believed it was harmful to their bodies and to their own health. England’s King James contradicted that smoking was healthy by saying that smoking was “A custome lothsome to the eye , hatefull to the the Nose, harmefull to the braine, dangerous to the Lungs, and in the blacke stinking fume thereof, nearest resembling the horrible…smoke of the pit that is bottomelesse” (Roark pg. 80). Today the known health effects of tobacco have worsened.
>
>
>>>>> Americans today tend to believe that consuming tobacco is bad for your health. Consuming tobacco has remained quite popular today, however, we now have strict laws and there are more harmful effects caused by the use of tobacco and heightened concerns of secondhand smoke. Tobacco consumption has been booming in recent times. Due to popular demand, use of tobacco has increased dramatically. Throughout the last decade, unlike the Chesapeake, tobacco prices have increased. Tobacco is sold with a “Sin tax” which is a tax levied on specific goods. This tax has increased the cost of tobacco which is causing it to become more and more expensive. Recently we have had tougher laws towards smoking because of the effects of secondhand smoke on non-smokers. Recent laws have prohibited smokers from smoking within 25ft of a building and in public places; the Washington State Legislature passed the law, RCW 70.160.030, which states that “No person may smoke in a public place or in any place of employment.” Tobacco continues to affect boundary lines today. Tobacco also has very harmful effects which are more harmful to your body than in the Chesapeake times. A lifetime or less of smoking can cause cancers and lung diseases. Within tobacco, makers have included additives to cigarettes, causing people to become more addicted. Truth.com says that "Because of the tobacco industry’s products, about 339 people in the U.S. die of lung cancer every day" (Truth facts). They also say that “[i]n the U.S., 34,693 people die each year from cancers other than lung, trachea, and bronchus caused by smoking" (Truth facts). These long term effects severely cause trauma to the human body and eventually may cause death.
>
>
>>>>>Tobacco prices had become affordable to everyone, not only the rich. Since these prices decreased and it became an affordable indulgence, settlers became more addicted to smoking tobacco. In conclusion, I agree that these reasons were all significant during Bacon’s Rebellion. Action was caused by a supply and demand effect of producing and using tobacco. Because of this supply and demand, there was an influx of decreasing prices in tobacco during the 1600’s, which increased popularity. The increased popularity in smoking raised health issues which remain today.
>
Citations:
- Tobacco and Slaves: The Development of Southern Cultures in the Chesapeake, 1680-1800. By Allan Kulikoff
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=NCvU9_bj-1QC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=Bacon%27s+Rebellion+tobacco+consumption&ots=AxtdkPGJKd&sig=kKrpNAWlGMfwQK1Bsm11x3f1Mhc
- http://www.thetruth.com/facts/facts.cfm?category=135
-http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=70.160.030
During Bacon's Rebellion, why did mass consumption of tobacco from colonies affect the decreasing price? (5th edit)
>>>>> There were many contributing factors that affected the price of tobacco, during Bacon's Rebellion. Those contributing factors caused the decrease in tobacco prices. A number of authors and historians have suggested that here are many reasons for Bacon’s Rebellion. The primary contributing factors were tobacco taxation, production and health reasons. Though these all connect to the cause of tobacco’s decreasing price, supply and demand has the greatest effect.
>
>
>>>>In the Chesapeake increased supply made the cost of tobacco affordable to both the rich and the poor. The Virginia Company started to produce and trade tobacco which attracted indulgence of tobacco. At first, the "...Virginia Company had no plans to grow and sell tobacco [,]" (Roark pg.77) however, “John Rolfe… planted West Indian tobacco seeds in 1612 and learned they flourished in Virginia” (Roark pg.77). Since the amount of tobacco produced increased, tobacco became affordable to a wider range of people, not just the wealthy. Tobacco "...became an affordable indulgence used often by many people" (Roark pg.77). Due to affordability colonists slaves and Native Americans became consumed in tobacco. The availability gave all people the option to smoke tobacco. Some colonists said, “[e]veryone smokes while working or idling" (Roark pg.77). The cost of tobacco caused more intensive work for colonists to farm crop on the fields in Virginia.
>
>
>>>>>Tobacco farming needs caused the settlers to keep up with consumption demands by accumulating more land to grow the crop. The demand for land to grow tobacco was very important to Bacon’s Rebellion, without land there was less growth of tobacco crops. This caused invasion onto Native American lands. There was a large demand for tobacco and for hard labor from settlers, to produce enough to meet the tobacco demand. As the demand for tobacco increased, production of enough tobacco crops was essential. This demand to keep up with caused more work for the settlers. The "...planters grew as much tobacco as possible” (Roark pg.77). The planters whom were overworked consisted mostly of indentures servants and slaves, both black and white. It was said that “the English settlers worked hard because their labor promised greater rewards…” (Roark pg.77). The hard work from these settlers meant that they received certain rewards for their work, such as land or time taken off of their indentured servitude. Having enough land was vital for planters to grow enough tobacco. Colonists cleared lands, to plant tobacco crop in a unique way. The colonists cleared lands to plant tobacco by clearing all trees but leaving the stumps, and planting around them. The American Promise by James L. Roark says that “Girdling brought sunlight to clearing but left fields studded with tree stumps, making the use of plows impractical” (Roark pg. 77). “Girdling” is a process where the colonists cut a ring around the tree, eventually causing the tree to die. This process allowed planters to produce more tobacco crop for trade.
>
>
>>>>>In the 1600’s, tobacco was traded in many different ways to many different colonies. The increase in trade and demand affected the cost of tobacco, causing the price to decrease. Tobacco was mostly traded from the Chesapeake to the Europeans. English colonists traded tobacco with Europe, which was sold mostly in European markets. “…English colonists in North America sent so much tobacco to European markets that it became an affordable indulgence used often by many people” (Roark pg.77). The cost of the tobacco colonists grew and sold to Europe, was Europe’s decided cost. “The colonists grew tobacco to sell to English but English set the price” (Zinn and Stefoff pg. 39). With the price set by the Europeans, the colonists would grow the tobacco then sell it for a price less than they expected. Trade was an important way for colonists to increase tobacco consumption. Physicians told the consumers that tobacco was good for their health, causing them to use more tobacco.
>
>
>>>>>Colonists in the Chesapeake also consumed large amounts of tobacco because physicians and doctors told the settlers that smoking tobacco was an herbal way to “cleanse” your body. These people called it a “holy drug” in which you could be cured by. The American Promise by James L. Roark wrote about these beliefs, that “physicians praised it as a wonder drug.” Some settlers did not believe that this was true. They believed it was harmful to their bodies and to their own health. England’s King James contradicts that smoking is healthy by saying that smoking was “A custome lothsome to the eye , hatefull to the the Nose, harmefull to the braine, dangerous to the Lungs, and in the blacke stinking fume thereof, nearest resembling the horrible…smoke of the pit that is bottomelesse” (Roark pg. 80). Unlike today in which the health affects of tobacco have worsened.
>
>
>>>>> Americans today tend to believe that consuming tobacco is bad for your health. Consuming tobacco has remained quite popular now days, however, we now have strict laws and there are more harmful effects caused by the use of tobacco and heightened concerns of secondhand smoke. Tobacco consumption has been booming, in recent times. Due to popular demand, use of tobacco has increased dramatically. Throughout the last decade, unlike the Chesapeake, tobacco prices have increased. Tobacco is sold with a “Sin tax” which is a tax levied on specific goods. This tax has increased the cost of tobacco which is causing it to become more and more expensive. Recently we have had tougher laws towards smoking because of the effects of secondhand smoke on non-smokers. Recent laws have prohibited smokers from smoking within 25ft of a building and in public places; the Washington State Legislature passed the law, RCW 70.160.030, which states that “No person may smoke in a public place or in any place of employment.” Tobacco also has very harmful effects which are more harmful to your body, than in the Chesapeake times. A lifetime or less of smoking can cause cancers and lung diseases. Within tobacco, makers have included additives to cigarettes, causing people to become more addicted. Truth.com says that "Because of the tobacco industry’s products, about 339 people in the U.S. die of lung cancer every day" (Truth facts). They also say that “[i]n the U.S., 34,693 people die each year from cancers other than lung, trachea, and bronchus caused by smoking" (Truth facts). These long term effects severely cause trauma to the human body and eventually may cause death.
>
>
>>>>>Tobacco prices had become affordable to everyone, not only the riches. Since these prices decreased and it became an affordable indulgence, settlers became more addicted to smoking tobacco. This action was caused by a supply and demand effect, of producing and using tobacco. Because of this supply and demand, there was an influx of decreasing prices in tobacco during the 1600’s. Along with most authors, I agree, that these reasons were all significant during Bacon’s Rebellion.
>
>
Citations:
- Tobacco and Slaves: The Development of Southern Cultures in the Chesapeake, 1680-1800. By Allan Kulikoff
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=NCvU9_bj-1QC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=Bacon%27s+Rebellion+tobacco+consumption&ots=AxtdkPGJKd&sig=kKrpNAWlGMfwQK1Bsm11x3f1Mhc
- http://www.thetruth.com/facts/facts.cfm?category=135
-http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=70.160.030
>
>
>>>>In the Chesapeake increased supply made the cost of tobacco affordable to both the rich and the poor. The Virginia Company started to produce and trade tobacco which attracted indulgence of tobacco. At first, the "...Virginia Company had no plans to grow and sell tobacco [,]" (Roark pg.77) however, “John Rolfe… planted West Indian tobacco seeds in 1612 and learned they flourished in Virginia” (Roark pg.77). Since the amount of tobacco produced increased, tobacco became affordable to a wider range of people, not just the wealthy. Tobacco "...became an affordable indulgence used often by many people" (Roark pg.77). Due to affordability colonists slaves and Native Americans became consumed in tobacco. The availability gave all people the option to smoke tobacco. Some colonists said, “[e]veryone smokes while working or idling" (Roark pg.77). The cost of tobacco caused more intensive work for colonists to farm crop on the fields in Virginia.
>
>
>>>>>Tobacco farming needs caused the settlers to keep up with consumption demands by accumulating more land to grow the crop. The demand for land to grow tobacco was very important to Bacon’s Rebellion, without land there was less growth of tobacco crops. This caused invasion onto Native American lands. There was a large demand for tobacco and for hard labor from settlers, to produce enough to meet the tobacco demand. As the demand for tobacco increased, production of enough tobacco crops was essential. This demand to keep up with caused more work for the settlers. The "...planters grew as much tobacco as possible” (Roark pg.77). The planters whom were overworked consisted mostly of indentures servants and slaves, both black and white. It was said that “the English settlers worked hard because their labor promised greater rewards…” (Roark pg.77). The hard work from these settlers meant that they received certain rewards for their work, such as land or time taken off of their indentured servitude. Having enough land was vital for planters to grow enough tobacco. Colonists cleared lands, to plant tobacco crop in a unique way. The colonists cleared lands to plant tobacco by clearing all trees but leaving the stumps, and planting around them. The American Promise by James L. Roark says that “Girdling brought sunlight to clearing but left fields studded with tree stumps, making the use of plows impractical” (Roark pg. 77). “Girdling” is a process where the colonists cut a ring around the tree, eventually causing the tree to die. This process allowed planters to produce more tobacco crop for trade.
>
>
>>>>>In the 1600’s, tobacco was traded in many different ways to many different colonies. The increase in trade and demand affected the cost of tobacco, causing the price to decrease. Tobacco was mostly traded from the Chesapeake to the Europeans. English colonists traded tobacco with Europe, which was sold mostly in European markets. “…English colonists in North America sent so much tobacco to European markets that it became an affordable indulgence used often by many people” (Roark pg.77). The cost of the tobacco colonists grew and sold to Europe, was Europe’s decided cost. “The colonists grew tobacco to sell to English but English set the price” (Zinn and Stefoff pg. 39). With the price set by the Europeans, the colonists would grow the tobacco then sell it for a price less than they expected. Trade was an important way for colonists to increase tobacco consumption. Physicians told the consumers that tobacco was good for their health, causing them to use more tobacco.
>
>
>>>>>Colonists in the Chesapeake also consumed large amounts of tobacco because physicians and doctors told the settlers that smoking tobacco was an herbal way to “cleanse” your body. These people called it a “holy drug” in which you could be cured by. The American Promise by James L. Roark wrote about these beliefs, that “physicians praised it as a wonder drug.” Some settlers did not believe that this was true. They believed it was harmful to their bodies and to their own health. England’s King James contradicts that smoking is healthy by saying that smoking was “A custome lothsome to the eye , hatefull to the the Nose, harmefull to the braine, dangerous to the Lungs, and in the blacke stinking fume thereof, nearest resembling the horrible…smoke of the pit that is bottomelesse” (Roark pg. 80). Unlike today in which the health affects of tobacco have worsened.
>
>
>>>>> Americans today tend to believe that consuming tobacco is bad for your health. Consuming tobacco has remained quite popular now days, however, we now have strict laws and there are more harmful effects caused by the use of tobacco and heightened concerns of secondhand smoke. Tobacco consumption has been booming, in recent times. Due to popular demand, use of tobacco has increased dramatically. Throughout the last decade, unlike the Chesapeake, tobacco prices have increased. Tobacco is sold with a “Sin tax” which is a tax levied on specific goods. This tax has increased the cost of tobacco which is causing it to become more and more expensive. Recently we have had tougher laws towards smoking because of the effects of secondhand smoke on non-smokers. Recent laws have prohibited smokers from smoking within 25ft of a building and in public places; the Washington State Legislature passed the law, RCW 70.160.030, which states that “No person may smoke in a public place or in any place of employment.” Tobacco also has very harmful effects which are more harmful to your body, than in the Chesapeake times. A lifetime or less of smoking can cause cancers and lung diseases. Within tobacco, makers have included additives to cigarettes, causing people to become more addicted. Truth.com says that "Because of the tobacco industry’s products, about 339 people in the U.S. die of lung cancer every day" (Truth facts). They also say that “[i]n the U.S., 34,693 people die each year from cancers other than lung, trachea, and bronchus caused by smoking" (Truth facts). These long term effects severely cause trauma to the human body and eventually may cause death.
>
>
>>>>>Tobacco prices had become affordable to everyone, not only the riches. Since these prices decreased and it became an affordable indulgence, settlers became more addicted to smoking tobacco. This action was caused by a supply and demand effect, of producing and using tobacco. Because of this supply and demand, there was an influx of decreasing prices in tobacco during the 1600’s. Along with most authors, I agree, that these reasons were all significant during Bacon’s Rebellion.
>
>
Citations:
- Tobacco and Slaves: The Development of Southern Cultures in the Chesapeake, 1680-1800. By Allan Kulikoff
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=NCvU9_bj-1QC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=Bacon%27s+Rebellion+tobacco+consumption&ots=AxtdkPGJKd&sig=kKrpNAWlGMfwQK1Bsm11x3f1Mhc
- http://www.thetruth.com/facts/facts.cfm?category=135
-http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=70.160.030
Thursday, October 23, 2008
During Bacon's Rebellion, why did mass consumption of tobacco from colonies affect the decreasing price? (4th edit)
>>>>>Colonies amount of tobacco consumption throughout the 1600’s, caused a decrease in total cost of tobacco. A number of authors and historians have suggested that here are many reasons for Bacon’s Rebellion. Many contributions caused the price of tobacco to decrease, for instance, tobacco taxation, production and health reasons. Though these all connect to the cause of tobacco’s decreasing price, supply and demand has the greatest effect.
>
>
>>>>>In the Chesapeake, the cost of tobacco became affordable to both the rich and the poor. The Virginia Company started to produce and trade tobacco which attracted indulgence of tobacco. At first, the "...Virginia Company had no plans to grow and sell tobacco [,]" (Roark pg.77) however, “John Rolfe… planted West Indian tobacco seeds in 1612 and learned they flourished in Virginia” (Roark pg.77). Since the amount of tobacco produced increased, tobacco became affordable to a wider range of people, not just the wealthy. Tobacco "...became an affordable indulgence used often by many people" (Roark pg.77). Due to affordability colonists slaves and Native Americans became consumed in tobacco. Tobacco became more appealing to those who could afford it, giving all people the option to smoke tobacco. Some colonists said, “[e]veryone smokes while working or idling" (Roark pg.77).
>
>
>>>>>Tobacco farming caused a major effect on settlers and land, during Bacon’s Rebellion. The demand for land, to grow tobacco was very important to Bacon’s Rebellion, without land there was less growth of tobacco crops, however this did cause invasion on Native American lands. There was such a large demand for tobacco and for hard labor from the settlers, so they could produce enough tobacco to meet the demand. As the demand for tobacco increased, production of enough tobacco crops was important. This demand to keep up with caused harder work for the settlers. The "...planters grew as much tobacco as possible” (Roark pg.77). The planters whom were overworked consisted mostly of indentures servants and slaves, both black and white. It was said that “the English settlers worked hard because their labor promised greater rewards…” (Roark pg.77). The hard work from these settlers meant that they received certain rewards for their work, such as land or time taken off of their indentured servitude. Having enough land was vital for planters to grow enough tobacco. Colonists cleared lands, to plant tobacco crop in a unique way. The colonists cleared lands to plant tobacco by clearing all trees but leaving the stumps, and planting around them. The American Promise by James L. Roark says that “Girdling brought sunlight to clearing but left fields studded with tree stumps, making the use of plows impractical” (Roark pg. 77). “Girdling” is a process where the colonists cut a ring around the tree, eventually causing the tree to die. This process allowed for more room planters could use to produce the tobacco crop.
>
>
>>>>>In the 1600’s, tobacco was traded in many different ways to many different colonies. The increase in trade and demand affected the cost of tobacco, causing the price to decrease. Tobacco was mostly traded from the Chesapeake to the Europeans. English colonists traded tobacco with Europe, which was sold mostly in European markets. “…English colonists in North America sent so much tobacco to European markets that it became an affordable indulgence used often by many people” (Roark pg.77). The cost of the tobacco colonists grew and sold to Europe, was Europe’s decided cost. “The colonists grew tobacco to sell to [Europe], but [Europe] set the price” (Zinn and Stefoff pg. 39). With the price set by the Europeans, the colonists could grow the tobacco then sell it to them with a price less than they expected. Trade was an important way for colonists to sell tobacco.
>
>
>>>>>Colonists in the Chesapeake also consumed large amounts of tobacco because physicians and doctors told the settlers that smoking was good for their health. These doctors and physicians said that smoking tobacco was an herbal way to “cleanse” your body. Though some settlers did not believe that this was true, they believed it was harmful to their bodies and to their own health. The American Promise by James L. Roark commented that in the early 1600’s “physicians praised it as a wonder drug.” These people called it a “holy drug” in which you could be cured by.
>
>
>>>>> Americans today tend to believe that consuming tobacco is good for your health. Consuming tobacco has been quite popular now days, however, we now have strict laws and there are more harmful effects caused by the use of tobacco. Tobacco consumption has been booming, in recent times. Due to popular demand, use of tobacco has increased dramatically. Throughout the last decade, unlike the Chesapeake, tobacco prices have increased. Tobacco is sold with a “Sin tax” which is a tax levied on specific goods. This tax has increased the cost of tobacco which is causing it to become more and more expensive. Recently we have had tougher laws towards smoking because of the effects of secondhand smoke on non-smokers. Recent laws have prohibited smokers from smoking within 25ft of a building and in public places; the Washington State Legislature passed the law, RCW 70.160.030, which states that “No person may smoke in a public place or in any place of employment.” Tobacco also has very harmful effects which are more harmful to your body, than in the Chesapeake times. A lifetime or less of smoking can cause cancers and lung diseases. Within tobacco, makers have included additives to cigarettes, causing people to become more addicted. Truth.com says that "Because of the tobacco industry’s products, about 339 people in the U.S. die of lung cancer every day" (Truth facts). They also say that “[i]n the U.S., 34,693 people die each year from cancers other than lung, trachea, and bronchus caused by smoking" (Truth facts). These long term effects severely cause trauma to the human body and eventually may cause death.
>
>
>>>>>Tobacco prices had become affordable to everyone, not only the riches. Since these prices decreased and it became an affordable indulgence, settlers became more addicted to smoking tobacco. This action was caused by a supply and demand effect, of producing and using tobacco. Because of this supply and demand, there was an influx of decreasing prices in tobacco during the 1600’s. Along with most authors, I agree, that these reasons were all significant during Bacon’s Rebellion.
>
>
Citations:
- Tobacco and Slaves: The Development of Southern Cultures in the Chesapeake, 1680-1800. By Allan Kulikoff
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=NCvU9_bj-1QC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=Bacon%27s+Rebellion+tobacco+consumption&ots=AxtdkPGJKd&sig=kKrpNAWlGMfwQK1Bsm11x3f1Mhc
- http://www.thetruth.com/facts/facts.cfm?category=135
-http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=70.160.030
>
>
>>>>>In the Chesapeake, the cost of tobacco became affordable to both the rich and the poor. The Virginia Company started to produce and trade tobacco which attracted indulgence of tobacco. At first, the "...Virginia Company had no plans to grow and sell tobacco [,]" (Roark pg.77) however, “John Rolfe… planted West Indian tobacco seeds in 1612 and learned they flourished in Virginia” (Roark pg.77). Since the amount of tobacco produced increased, tobacco became affordable to a wider range of people, not just the wealthy. Tobacco "...became an affordable indulgence used often by many people" (Roark pg.77). Due to affordability colonists slaves and Native Americans became consumed in tobacco. Tobacco became more appealing to those who could afford it, giving all people the option to smoke tobacco. Some colonists said, “[e]veryone smokes while working or idling" (Roark pg.77).
>
>
>>>>>Tobacco farming caused a major effect on settlers and land, during Bacon’s Rebellion. The demand for land, to grow tobacco was very important to Bacon’s Rebellion, without land there was less growth of tobacco crops, however this did cause invasion on Native American lands. There was such a large demand for tobacco and for hard labor from the settlers, so they could produce enough tobacco to meet the demand. As the demand for tobacco increased, production of enough tobacco crops was important. This demand to keep up with caused harder work for the settlers. The "...planters grew as much tobacco as possible” (Roark pg.77). The planters whom were overworked consisted mostly of indentures servants and slaves, both black and white. It was said that “the English settlers worked hard because their labor promised greater rewards…” (Roark pg.77). The hard work from these settlers meant that they received certain rewards for their work, such as land or time taken off of their indentured servitude. Having enough land was vital for planters to grow enough tobacco. Colonists cleared lands, to plant tobacco crop in a unique way. The colonists cleared lands to plant tobacco by clearing all trees but leaving the stumps, and planting around them. The American Promise by James L. Roark says that “Girdling brought sunlight to clearing but left fields studded with tree stumps, making the use of plows impractical” (Roark pg. 77). “Girdling” is a process where the colonists cut a ring around the tree, eventually causing the tree to die. This process allowed for more room planters could use to produce the tobacco crop.
>
>
>>>>>In the 1600’s, tobacco was traded in many different ways to many different colonies. The increase in trade and demand affected the cost of tobacco, causing the price to decrease. Tobacco was mostly traded from the Chesapeake to the Europeans. English colonists traded tobacco with Europe, which was sold mostly in European markets. “…English colonists in North America sent so much tobacco to European markets that it became an affordable indulgence used often by many people” (Roark pg.77). The cost of the tobacco colonists grew and sold to Europe, was Europe’s decided cost. “The colonists grew tobacco to sell to [Europe], but [Europe] set the price” (Zinn and Stefoff pg. 39). With the price set by the Europeans, the colonists could grow the tobacco then sell it to them with a price less than they expected. Trade was an important way for colonists to sell tobacco.
>
>
>>>>>Colonists in the Chesapeake also consumed large amounts of tobacco because physicians and doctors told the settlers that smoking was good for their health. These doctors and physicians said that smoking tobacco was an herbal way to “cleanse” your body. Though some settlers did not believe that this was true, they believed it was harmful to their bodies and to their own health. The American Promise by James L. Roark commented that in the early 1600’s “physicians praised it as a wonder drug.” These people called it a “holy drug” in which you could be cured by.
>
>
>>>>> Americans today tend to believe that consuming tobacco is good for your health. Consuming tobacco has been quite popular now days, however, we now have strict laws and there are more harmful effects caused by the use of tobacco. Tobacco consumption has been booming, in recent times. Due to popular demand, use of tobacco has increased dramatically. Throughout the last decade, unlike the Chesapeake, tobacco prices have increased. Tobacco is sold with a “Sin tax” which is a tax levied on specific goods. This tax has increased the cost of tobacco which is causing it to become more and more expensive. Recently we have had tougher laws towards smoking because of the effects of secondhand smoke on non-smokers. Recent laws have prohibited smokers from smoking within 25ft of a building and in public places; the Washington State Legislature passed the law, RCW 70.160.030, which states that “No person may smoke in a public place or in any place of employment.” Tobacco also has very harmful effects which are more harmful to your body, than in the Chesapeake times. A lifetime or less of smoking can cause cancers and lung diseases. Within tobacco, makers have included additives to cigarettes, causing people to become more addicted. Truth.com says that "Because of the tobacco industry’s products, about 339 people in the U.S. die of lung cancer every day" (Truth facts). They also say that “[i]n the U.S., 34,693 people die each year from cancers other than lung, trachea, and bronchus caused by smoking" (Truth facts). These long term effects severely cause trauma to the human body and eventually may cause death.
>
>
>>>>>Tobacco prices had become affordable to everyone, not only the riches. Since these prices decreased and it became an affordable indulgence, settlers became more addicted to smoking tobacco. This action was caused by a supply and demand effect, of producing and using tobacco. Because of this supply and demand, there was an influx of decreasing prices in tobacco during the 1600’s. Along with most authors, I agree, that these reasons were all significant during Bacon’s Rebellion.
>
>
Citations:
- Tobacco and Slaves: The Development of Southern Cultures in the Chesapeake, 1680-1800. By Allan Kulikoff
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=NCvU9_bj-1QC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=Bacon%27s+Rebellion+tobacco+consumption&ots=AxtdkPGJKd&sig=kKrpNAWlGMfwQK1Bsm11x3f1Mhc
- http://www.thetruth.com/facts/facts.cfm?category=135
-http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=70.160.030
Sunday, October 19, 2008
During Bacon's Rebellion, why did mass consumption of tobacco from colonies affect the decreasing price? (2nd edit)
During Bacon's Rebellion, why did mass consumption of tobacco from colonies affect the decreasing price? (2nd edit)
>>>>>Colonies amount of tobacco consumption throughout the 1600’s, caused a decrease
in total cost of tobacco. Many contributions caused the price of tobacco to
decrease, for instance, tobacco taxation, production and health reasons. Though these all connect to the cause of tobacco’s decreasing price, supply and demand has the greatest effect.
>
>
>>>>>In the Chesapeake, the cost of tobacco became affordable to both the rich and the poor. The Virginia Company started to produce and trade tobacco which attracted indulgence of tobacco. At first, the "...Virginia Company had no plans to grow and sell tobacco [,]" (Roark pg.77) however, “John Rolfe… planted West Indian tobacco seeds in 1612 and learned they flourished in Virginia” (Roark pg.77). Since the amount of tobacco produced increased, tobacco became affordable to a wider range of people, not just the wealthy. Tobacco "...became an affordable indulgence used often by many people" (Roark pg.77). Due to affordability colonists slaves and Native Americans became consumed in tobacco. Tobacco became more appealing to those who could afford it, all people could smoke tobacco. ”Everyone smokes while working or idling" (Roark pg.77).
>
>
>>>>>Tobacco farming caused a major effect on settlers and land, during Bacon’s Rebellion. There was such a large demand for tobacco and for hard labor from the settlers, so they could produce enough tobacco to meet the demand. As the demand for tobacco increased, production of enough tobacco crops was important. This demand to keep up with caused harder work for the settlers. The "...planters grew as much tobacco as possible” (Roark pg.77). The planters whom were overworked consisted mostly of indentures servants and slaves, both black and white. It was said that “the English settlers worked hard because their labor promised greater rewards…” (Roark pg.77). The hard work from these settlers meant that they received certain rewards for their work, such as land or time taken off of their indentured servitude. Having enough land was vital for planters to grow enough tobacco. Colonists cleared lands, to plant tobacco crop in a unique way. The colonists cleared lands to plant tobacco by clearing all trees but leaving the stumps, and planting around them. The American Promise by James L. Roark says that “Girdling brought sunlight to clearing but left fields studded with tree stumps, making the use of plows impractical” (Roark pg. 77). “Girdling” is a process where the colonists cut a ring around the tree, eventually causing the tree to die. This process allowed for more room planters could use to produce the tobacco crop.
>
>
>>>>>In the 1600’s, tobacco was traded in many different ways to many different colonies. The increase in trade and demand affected the cost of tobacco, causing the price to decrease. Tobacco was mostly traded from the Chesapeake to the Europeans. English colonists traded tobacco with Europe, which was sold mostly in European markets. “…English colonists in North America sent so much tobacco to European markets that it became an affordable indulgence used often by many people” (Roark pg.77). The cost of the tobacco colonists grew and sold to Europe, was Europe’s decided cost. “The colonists grew tobacco to sell to [Europe], but [Europe] set the price” (Zinn and Stefoff pg. 39).
>
>
>>>>>Consuming tobacco has been quite popular now days, however, we now have strict laws and there are more harmful effects caused by the use of tobacco. Tobacco consumption has been booming, in recent times. Due to popular demand, use of tobacco has increased dramatically. Throughout the last decade, unlike the Chesapeake, tobacco prices have increased. Tobacco is sold with a “Sin tax” which is a tax levied on specific goods. Recently we have had tougher laws towards smoking because of the effects of secondhand smoke on non-smokers. Recent laws have prohibited smokers from smoking within 25ft of a building and in public places; the Washington State Legislature passed the law, RCW 70.160.030, which states that “No person may smoke in a public place or in any place of employment.” Tobacco also has very harmful effects which are more harmful to your body, than in the Chesapeake times. A lifetime or less of smoking can cause cancers and lung diseases. Within tobacco, makers have included addeditives to cigarettes, causing people to become more addicted. Truth.com says that "Because of the tobacco industry’s products, about 339 people in the U.S. die of lung cancer every day" (Truth facts). They also say that “[i]n the U.S., 34,693 people die each year from cancers other than lung, trachea, and bronchus caused by smoking" (Truth facts). These long term effects severely cause trauma to the human body and eventually may cause death.
>
>
>>>>>Tobacco prices had become affordable to everyone, not only the riches. Since these prices decreased and it became an affordable indulgence, settlers became more addicted to smoking tobacco. This action was caused by a supply and demand effect, of producing and using tobacco. Because of this supply and demand, there was an influx of decreasing prices in tobacco during the 1600’s.
>
>
Citations:
- Tobacco and Slaves: The Development of Southern Cultures in the Chesapeake, 1680-1800. By Allan Kulikoff
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=NCvU9_bj-1QC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=Bacon%27s+Rebellion+tobacco+consumption&ots=AxtdkPGJKd&sig=kKrpNAWlGMfwQK1Bsm11x3f1Mhc
- http://www.thetruth.com/facts/facts.cfm?category=135
-http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=70.160.030
>>>>>Colonies amount of tobacco consumption throughout the 1600’s, caused a decrease
in total cost of tobacco. Many contributions caused the price of tobacco to
decrease, for instance, tobacco taxation, production and health reasons. Though these all connect to the cause of tobacco’s decreasing price, supply and demand has the greatest effect.
>
>
>>>>>In the Chesapeake, the cost of tobacco became affordable to both the rich and the poor. The Virginia Company started to produce and trade tobacco which attracted indulgence of tobacco. At first, the "...Virginia Company had no plans to grow and sell tobacco [,]" (Roark pg.77) however, “John Rolfe… planted West Indian tobacco seeds in 1612 and learned they flourished in Virginia” (Roark pg.77). Since the amount of tobacco produced increased, tobacco became affordable to a wider range of people, not just the wealthy. Tobacco "...became an affordable indulgence used often by many people" (Roark pg.77). Due to affordability colonists slaves and Native Americans became consumed in tobacco. Tobacco became more appealing to those who could afford it, all people could smoke tobacco. ”Everyone smokes while working or idling" (Roark pg.77).
>
>
>>>>>Tobacco farming caused a major effect on settlers and land, during Bacon’s Rebellion. There was such a large demand for tobacco and for hard labor from the settlers, so they could produce enough tobacco to meet the demand. As the demand for tobacco increased, production of enough tobacco crops was important. This demand to keep up with caused harder work for the settlers. The "...planters grew as much tobacco as possible” (Roark pg.77). The planters whom were overworked consisted mostly of indentures servants and slaves, both black and white. It was said that “the English settlers worked hard because their labor promised greater rewards…” (Roark pg.77). The hard work from these settlers meant that they received certain rewards for their work, such as land or time taken off of their indentured servitude. Having enough land was vital for planters to grow enough tobacco. Colonists cleared lands, to plant tobacco crop in a unique way. The colonists cleared lands to plant tobacco by clearing all trees but leaving the stumps, and planting around them. The American Promise by James L. Roark says that “Girdling brought sunlight to clearing but left fields studded with tree stumps, making the use of plows impractical” (Roark pg. 77). “Girdling” is a process where the colonists cut a ring around the tree, eventually causing the tree to die. This process allowed for more room planters could use to produce the tobacco crop.
>
>
>>>>>In the 1600’s, tobacco was traded in many different ways to many different colonies. The increase in trade and demand affected the cost of tobacco, causing the price to decrease. Tobacco was mostly traded from the Chesapeake to the Europeans. English colonists traded tobacco with Europe, which was sold mostly in European markets. “…English colonists in North America sent so much tobacco to European markets that it became an affordable indulgence used often by many people” (Roark pg.77). The cost of the tobacco colonists grew and sold to Europe, was Europe’s decided cost. “The colonists grew tobacco to sell to [Europe], but [Europe] set the price” (Zinn and Stefoff pg. 39).
>
>
>>>>>Consuming tobacco has been quite popular now days, however, we now have strict laws and there are more harmful effects caused by the use of tobacco. Tobacco consumption has been booming, in recent times. Due to popular demand, use of tobacco has increased dramatically. Throughout the last decade, unlike the Chesapeake, tobacco prices have increased. Tobacco is sold with a “Sin tax” which is a tax levied on specific goods. Recently we have had tougher laws towards smoking because of the effects of secondhand smoke on non-smokers. Recent laws have prohibited smokers from smoking within 25ft of a building and in public places; the Washington State Legislature passed the law, RCW 70.160.030, which states that “No person may smoke in a public place or in any place of employment.” Tobacco also has very harmful effects which are more harmful to your body, than in the Chesapeake times. A lifetime or less of smoking can cause cancers and lung diseases. Within tobacco, makers have included addeditives to cigarettes, causing people to become more addicted. Truth.com says that "Because of the tobacco industry’s products, about 339 people in the U.S. die of lung cancer every day" (Truth facts). They also say that “[i]n the U.S., 34,693 people die each year from cancers other than lung, trachea, and bronchus caused by smoking" (Truth facts). These long term effects severely cause trauma to the human body and eventually may cause death.
>
>
>>>>>Tobacco prices had become affordable to everyone, not only the riches. Since these prices decreased and it became an affordable indulgence, settlers became more addicted to smoking tobacco. This action was caused by a supply and demand effect, of producing and using tobacco. Because of this supply and demand, there was an influx of decreasing prices in tobacco during the 1600’s.
>
>
Citations:
- Tobacco and Slaves: The Development of Southern Cultures in the Chesapeake, 1680-1800. By Allan Kulikoff
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=NCvU9_bj-1QC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=Bacon%27s+Rebellion+tobacco+consumption&ots=AxtdkPGJKd&sig=kKrpNAWlGMfwQK1Bsm11x3f1Mhc
- http://www.thetruth.com/facts/facts.cfm?category=135
-http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=70.160.030
Thursday, October 16, 2008
During Bacon's Rebellion, why did mass consumption of tobacco from colonies affect the decreasing price? (2nd edit)
Body:
(They Say)
I. Tobacco farming was a major effect on settlers and land, during Bacon’s Rebellion.
-----A. There was a large demand for tobacco and for hard labor from settlers to produce enough tobacco to meet that demand.
---------1. The demand for tobacco increased, making the production of tobacco crops important, causing harder work for settlers.
---------------a. The “…planters who grew as much tobacco as possible.” (77)
--------------------i. The planters who were overworked consisted mostly of indentured servants and slaves.
---------------b. "Increasing Colonial demand for tobacco led the Chesapeake planters to overproduce..."
---------2. The hard labor from settlers meant that they received certain rewards for their work.
---------------a. “The English settlers worked hard because their labor promised greater rewards…” (77)
--------------------i. Some rewards given were more land.
-----B. Colonists cleared the lands to plant tobacco in a unique way.
---------1. Colonists cleared land to plant tobacco by clearing all trees but leaving the stumps, and planting around.
--------------a. “Girdling brought sunlight to clearing but left fields studded with tree stumps, making the use of plows impractical.” (77)
--------------------i. “Girdling” is a process where the colonists cut a ring around the tree, eventually causing the tree to die.
II. Tobacco was traded in many different ways to many different people. The increase in trade and demand affected the cost of tobacco, causing it to decrease.
-----A. Tobacco was traded mostly from the Chesapeake to the Europeans.
---------1. English colonists traded tobacco with Europe, which was sold mostly in European markets.
--------------a. “…English colonists in North America sent so much tobacco to European markets that it became an affordable indulgence used often by many people.” (77)
---------2. The cost of the tobacco colonists grew and sold to England, was England’s decided cost.
--------------a. “ The colonists grew tobacco to sell to England, but England set the price.” ( Zinn and Stefoff, pg. 39 )
-----B. The cost of tobacco became affordable.
---------1. Tobacco became affordable, eventually, due to increasing consumption/ demand and increased production.
-----C. Virginia Company
---------1. The Virginia Company had no intentions of growing and selling tobacco, however, John Rolfe planted the seeds to see if they would grow, and they did.
--------------a. “ Initially, the Virginia Company had no plans to grow and sell tobacco…” (77)
--------------b. “ John Rolfe […] planted West Indian tobacco seeds in 1612 and learned they flourished in Virginia.” (77)
(I Say)
III. Tobacco's cost decreased due to mass consumption, becoming affordable.
-----A. Tobacco became affordable to others, not only the riches.
---------1. Since the amount of tobacco produced increased, tobacco became affordable to a wider range of people, not just the wealthy.
-------------a. Tobacco "...became an affordable indulgence used often by many people." (77)
-----B. Due to affordability colonists slaves, and native Americans became consumed in tobacco.
---------2. Tobacco became more appealing to those who could afford it, all people could smoke tobacco.
-------------a. " Everyone smokes while working or idling." (77)
Discussion:
I. Consuming tobacco has been quite popular now days, however, now we have strict laws and there are more harmful effects.
-----A.Tobacco consumption has been booming, in recent times.
---------1. Due to popular demand use of tobacco has increased dramatically. However, because of the poor economy, similar to the Chesapeake, prices have increased to meet production costs.
-------------a." Revenues from...tobacco sales reached $1.99 billion in 2000 and $2.13 billion in 2001." (Truth facts)
-----B. Recently we have had tougher laws towards smoking.
--------1. Recent laws have prohibited smokers from smoking within 25ft of a building, also around schools.
-----C. The effects of tobacco are more harmful to your body.
---------1. A lifetime or less of smoking can cause cancers and lung diseases.
-------------a. "Because of the tobacco industry’s products, about 339 people in the U.S. die of lung cancer every day." (Truth facts)
-------------b. "In the U.S., 34,693 people die each year from cancers other than lung, trachea, and bronchus caused by smoking." (Truth facts)
Citations:
- Tobacco and Slaves: The Development of Southern Cultures in the Chesapeake, 1680-1800. By Allan Kulikoff
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=NCvU9_bj-1QC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=Bacon%27s+Rebellion+tobacco+consumption&ots=AxtdkPGJKd&sig=kKrpNAWlGMfwQK1Bsm11x3f1Mhc
- http://www.thetruth.com/facts/facts.cfm?category=135
(They Say)
I. Tobacco farming was a major effect on settlers and land, during Bacon’s Rebellion.
-----A. There was a large demand for tobacco and for hard labor from settlers to produce enough tobacco to meet that demand.
---------1. The demand for tobacco increased, making the production of tobacco crops important, causing harder work for settlers.
---------------a. The “…planters who grew as much tobacco as possible.” (77)
--------------------i. The planters who were overworked consisted mostly of indentured servants and slaves.
---------------b. "Increasing Colonial demand for tobacco led the Chesapeake planters to overproduce..."
---------2. The hard labor from settlers meant that they received certain rewards for their work.
---------------a. “The English settlers worked hard because their labor promised greater rewards…” (77)
--------------------i. Some rewards given were more land.
-----B. Colonists cleared the lands to plant tobacco in a unique way.
---------1. Colonists cleared land to plant tobacco by clearing all trees but leaving the stumps, and planting around.
--------------a. “Girdling brought sunlight to clearing but left fields studded with tree stumps, making the use of plows impractical.” (77)
--------------------i. “Girdling” is a process where the colonists cut a ring around the tree, eventually causing the tree to die.
II. Tobacco was traded in many different ways to many different people. The increase in trade and demand affected the cost of tobacco, causing it to decrease.
-----A. Tobacco was traded mostly from the Chesapeake to the Europeans.
---------1. English colonists traded tobacco with Europe, which was sold mostly in European markets.
--------------a. “…English colonists in North America sent so much tobacco to European markets that it became an affordable indulgence used often by many people.” (77)
---------2. The cost of the tobacco colonists grew and sold to England, was England’s decided cost.
--------------a. “ The colonists grew tobacco to sell to England, but England set the price.” ( Zinn and Stefoff, pg. 39 )
-----B. The cost of tobacco became affordable.
---------1. Tobacco became affordable, eventually, due to increasing consumption/ demand and increased production.
-----C. Virginia Company
---------1. The Virginia Company had no intentions of growing and selling tobacco, however, John Rolfe planted the seeds to see if they would grow, and they did.
--------------a. “ Initially, the Virginia Company had no plans to grow and sell tobacco…” (77)
--------------b. “ John Rolfe […] planted West Indian tobacco seeds in 1612 and learned they flourished in Virginia.” (77)
(I Say)
III. Tobacco's cost decreased due to mass consumption, becoming affordable.
-----A. Tobacco became affordable to others, not only the riches.
---------1. Since the amount of tobacco produced increased, tobacco became affordable to a wider range of people, not just the wealthy.
-------------a. Tobacco "...became an affordable indulgence used often by many people." (77)
-----B. Due to affordability colonists slaves, and native Americans became consumed in tobacco.
---------2. Tobacco became more appealing to those who could afford it, all people could smoke tobacco.
-------------a. " Everyone smokes while working or idling." (77)
Discussion:
I. Consuming tobacco has been quite popular now days, however, now we have strict laws and there are more harmful effects.
-----A.Tobacco consumption has been booming, in recent times.
---------1. Due to popular demand use of tobacco has increased dramatically. However, because of the poor economy, similar to the Chesapeake, prices have increased to meet production costs.
-------------a." Revenues from...tobacco sales reached $1.99 billion in 2000 and $2.13 billion in 2001." (Truth facts)
-----B. Recently we have had tougher laws towards smoking.
--------1. Recent laws have prohibited smokers from smoking within 25ft of a building, also around schools.
-----C. The effects of tobacco are more harmful to your body.
---------1. A lifetime or less of smoking can cause cancers and lung diseases.
-------------a. "Because of the tobacco industry’s products, about 339 people in the U.S. die of lung cancer every day." (Truth facts)
-------------b. "In the U.S., 34,693 people die each year from cancers other than lung, trachea, and bronchus caused by smoking." (Truth facts)
Citations:
- Tobacco and Slaves: The Development of Southern Cultures in the Chesapeake, 1680-1800. By Allan Kulikoff
http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=NCvU9_bj-1QC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=Bacon%27s+Rebellion+tobacco+consumption&ots=AxtdkPGJKd&sig=kKrpNAWlGMfwQK1Bsm11x3f1Mhc
- http://www.thetruth.com/facts/facts.cfm?category=135
Wednesday, October 15, 2008
Text Analysis for "Liberty of Press"
-Who is writing?
John Peter Zenger is writing "Liberty of Press" who experienced what he wrote about. John Peter Zenger was accused of "seditious libel" which is a criminal offense under common law for speaking out.
-Who is the audience?
In "Liberty of Press" the audience is everyone.John Peter Zenger wrote "Liberty of Press" to everyone, expressing every one's rights to speak out and that no man should be arrested for speaking the truth. I also think that the audience is William Cosby, the governor of New York,because John Peter Zenger wrote this piece to talk specifically about the cause of his arrest due to the accusations from William Cosby.
-Who do the writers represent?
The writers represent all editors and journalist's who want freedom of press. Also, who want to write about the truths behind people.
-What is being said, argued and/or requested?
What is being said in the "Liberty of Press" is that John Peter Zenger was accused of " seditious libel" against William Cosby, the Governor of New York. Until lawyers decided their was no crime against telling the truth. This caused Zenger to write "Liberty of Press." Zenger says that "Truth will always prevail over falsehood," in William Cosby's case, truth did succeed over his lies. Zenger was the one who uncovered Cosby's lies bringing out the truth and Zenger also stated that "Liberty of Press" was published so that everyone could judge for themselves, whether or not the facts were true.
-How is it being said, argued and/or requested?
I think that "Liberty of Press" is being said firmly and carelessly. Zenger is being firm about, how people should be able to speak the truth, yet I think he is carelessly writing to express how he doesn't care what he speaks even if the truth hurts. Especially towards Cosby, he stated the truth and even though it caused Cosby strife, he did it anyways to reveal the actuality of Cosby.
-What proof and/or justification is being used to legitimize the request?
The proof that is being used to legitimize the request is John Peter Zenger's actual personal experience, having to go to jail because of speaking the truth about William Cosby. Since William Cosby was trying to cover up his "misuse of the colonies court's."
John Peter Zenger is writing "Liberty of Press" who experienced what he wrote about. John Peter Zenger was accused of "seditious libel" which is a criminal offense under common law for speaking out.
-Who is the audience?
In "Liberty of Press" the audience is everyone.John Peter Zenger wrote "Liberty of Press" to everyone, expressing every one's rights to speak out and that no man should be arrested for speaking the truth. I also think that the audience is William Cosby, the governor of New York,because John Peter Zenger wrote this piece to talk specifically about the cause of his arrest due to the accusations from William Cosby.
-Who do the writers represent?
The writers represent all editors and journalist's who want freedom of press. Also, who want to write about the truths behind people.
-What is being said, argued and/or requested?
What is being said in the "Liberty of Press" is that John Peter Zenger was accused of " seditious libel" against William Cosby, the Governor of New York. Until lawyers decided their was no crime against telling the truth. This caused Zenger to write "Liberty of Press." Zenger says that "Truth will always prevail over falsehood," in William Cosby's case, truth did succeed over his lies. Zenger was the one who uncovered Cosby's lies bringing out the truth and Zenger also stated that "Liberty of Press" was published so that everyone could judge for themselves, whether or not the facts were true.
-How is it being said, argued and/or requested?
I think that "Liberty of Press" is being said firmly and carelessly. Zenger is being firm about, how people should be able to speak the truth, yet I think he is carelessly writing to express how he doesn't care what he speaks even if the truth hurts. Especially towards Cosby, he stated the truth and even though it caused Cosby strife, he did it anyways to reveal the actuality of Cosby.
-What proof and/or justification is being used to legitimize the request?
The proof that is being used to legitimize the request is John Peter Zenger's actual personal experience, having to go to jail because of speaking the truth about William Cosby. Since William Cosby was trying to cover up his "misuse of the colonies court's."
Response to the slavery images and Equiano accounts
I think that the way that the white men treated the slaves on the slave ships was horrible, how they stacked them up on the bottom decks and chained them up all together. Equiano described how "...the air became unfit for respiration." I couldn't imagine being stuck on ships for weeks or months at a time (if you even lasted that long)with the feeling of suffocation because the air quality was so bad. I also, thought that it was interesting when Equiano first entered onto the ship the white men persuaded him that he "...lived in a world of bad spirits." I wondered why they would try and convince them that they lived in the "bad world" when all the white men did anyways was torture them.
Tuesday, October 14, 2008
During Bacon's Rebellion, why did mass consumption of tobacco from colonies effect the decreasing price?
Body:
I. Tobacco farming was a major effect on settlers and land, during Bacon’s Rebellion.
-----A. There was a large demand for tobacco and for hard labor from settlers to produce enough tobacco to meet that demand.
----------1. The demand for tobacco increased, making the production of tobacco crops important, causing harder work for settlers.
---------------a. The “…planters who grew as much tobacco as possible.” (77)
--------------------i. The planters who were overworked consisted mostly of indentured servants and slaves.
-----------2. The hard labor from settlers meant that they received certain rewards for their work.
-----------------a. “The English settlers worked hard because their labor promised greater rewards…” (77)
-----------------------i. Some rewards given were more land.
B. Colonists cleared the lands to plant tobacco in a unique way.
----------1. Colonists cleared land to plant tobacco by clearing all trees but leaving the stumps, and planting around.
------------------a. “Girdling brought sunlight to clearing but left fields studded with tree stumps, making the use of plows impractical.” (77)
------------------------i. “Girdling” is a process where the colonists cut a ring around the tree, eventually causing the tree to die.
II. Tobacco was traded in many different ways to many different people. The increase in trade and demand affected the cost of tobacco, causing it to decrease.
A. Tobacco was traded mostly from the Chesapeake to the Europeans.
----------1. English colonists traded tobacco with Europe, which was sold mostly in European markets.
-----------------a. “…English colonists in North America sent so much tobacco to European markets that it became an affordable indulgence used often by many people.” (77)
----------2. The cost of the tobacco colonists grew and sold to England, was England’s decided cost.
-----------------a. “ The colonists grew tobacco to sell to England, but England set the price.” ( Zinn and Stefoff, pg. 39 )
B. The cost of tobacco became affordable.
----------1. Tobacco became affordable, eventually, due to increasing consumption/ demand and increased production.
C. Virginia Company
---------1. The Virginia Company had no intentions of growing and selling tobacco, however, John Rolfe planted the seeds to see if they would grow, and they did.
--------------A. “ Initially, the Virginia Company had no plans to grow and sell tobacco…” (77)
--------------B. “ John Rolfe […] planted West Indian tobacco seeds in 1612 and learned they flourished in Virginia.” (77)
I. Tobacco farming was a major effect on settlers and land, during Bacon’s Rebellion.
-----A. There was a large demand for tobacco and for hard labor from settlers to produce enough tobacco to meet that demand.
----------1. The demand for tobacco increased, making the production of tobacco crops important, causing harder work for settlers.
---------------a. The “…planters who grew as much tobacco as possible.” (77)
--------------------i. The planters who were overworked consisted mostly of indentured servants and slaves.
-----------2. The hard labor from settlers meant that they received certain rewards for their work.
-----------------a. “The English settlers worked hard because their labor promised greater rewards…” (77)
-----------------------i. Some rewards given were more land.
B. Colonists cleared the lands to plant tobacco in a unique way.
----------1. Colonists cleared land to plant tobacco by clearing all trees but leaving the stumps, and planting around.
------------------a. “Girdling brought sunlight to clearing but left fields studded with tree stumps, making the use of plows impractical.” (77)
------------------------i. “Girdling” is a process where the colonists cut a ring around the tree, eventually causing the tree to die.
II. Tobacco was traded in many different ways to many different people. The increase in trade and demand affected the cost of tobacco, causing it to decrease.
A. Tobacco was traded mostly from the Chesapeake to the Europeans.
----------1. English colonists traded tobacco with Europe, which was sold mostly in European markets.
-----------------a. “…English colonists in North America sent so much tobacco to European markets that it became an affordable indulgence used often by many people.” (77)
----------2. The cost of the tobacco colonists grew and sold to England, was England’s decided cost.
-----------------a. “ The colonists grew tobacco to sell to England, but England set the price.” ( Zinn and Stefoff, pg. 39 )
B. The cost of tobacco became affordable.
----------1. Tobacco became affordable, eventually, due to increasing consumption/ demand and increased production.
C. Virginia Company
---------1. The Virginia Company had no intentions of growing and selling tobacco, however, John Rolfe planted the seeds to see if they would grow, and they did.
--------------A. “ Initially, the Virginia Company had no plans to grow and sell tobacco…” (77)
--------------B. “ John Rolfe […] planted West Indian tobacco seeds in 1612 and learned they flourished in Virginia.” (77)
Monday, October 13, 2008
Hypthothesis/ Thesis: Bacon's Rebellion Outline
(Hypothesis: Why did mass consumption from colonies during Bacon's Rebellion effect the decreasing price of tobacco?)
Thesis: Mass Consuption of tobacco, during Bacon's Rebellion, caused the price of tobacco to decrease.
Body:
I. The first section of the body will include information about Tobacco Farming; it will talk about how tobacco farming affected the settlers and land.
A. The large demand and hard labor for settlers to produce tobacco.
1. The large demand for tobacco caused the planters to overwork themselves and be as dedicated as possible.
2. The demand for tobacco increased making the production of tobacco crops important, causing harder work for settlers.
3. The hard labor from settlers meant that they recieved certain rewards for their work.
B. Clearing of lands to plant tobacco.
1. Colonists cleared land to plant tobacco by clearing all trees but leaving the stumps, and planting around.
II. The second section will consist of how tobacco was traded and from whom it was traded. Also, how trade and demand affected the cost of tobacco.
A. Trade
1. English colonists traded tobacco with Europe, which was sold in European markets.
B. Affordability of tobacco
1. Tobacco became affordable, eventually, due to increasing consumption/ demand and increased production.
C. Virginia Company
1. The Virginia Company had no intentions of growing and selling tobacco, however, John Rolfe planted the seeds tosee if they grew, and it did.
Thesis: Mass Consuption of tobacco, during Bacon's Rebellion, caused the price of tobacco to decrease.
Body:
I. The first section of the body will include information about Tobacco Farming; it will talk about how tobacco farming affected the settlers and land.
A. The large demand and hard labor for settlers to produce tobacco.
1. The large demand for tobacco caused the planters to overwork themselves and be as dedicated as possible.
2. The demand for tobacco increased making the production of tobacco crops important, causing harder work for settlers.
3. The hard labor from settlers meant that they recieved certain rewards for their work.
B. Clearing of lands to plant tobacco.
1. Colonists cleared land to plant tobacco by clearing all trees but leaving the stumps, and planting around.
II. The second section will consist of how tobacco was traded and from whom it was traded. Also, how trade and demand affected the cost of tobacco.
A. Trade
1. English colonists traded tobacco with Europe, which was sold in European markets.
B. Affordability of tobacco
1. Tobacco became affordable, eventually, due to increasing consumption/ demand and increased production.
C. Virginia Company
1. The Virginia Company had no intentions of growing and selling tobacco, however, John Rolfe planted the seeds tosee if they grew, and it did.
Hypothesis:
Why did mass consumption from colonies during Bacon's Rebellion effect the decreasing price of tobacco?
Thursday, October 9, 2008
Search for Souces
To search for sources I used Bacon's Rebellion and diferent "sub" topics for instance, taxation or tobacco. Then I searched through the titles and looked at the reviewed works to see if it was a relative topic. After I seached for the topic, I read through the entries and emailed them to myself. I found that there were many different types of articles in the search, some were stories and others were strictly informational. I will search differently next time by refining my research and search for a more descriptive detail search request.
Sources
1. Review: [untitled]
Susie M. Ames
Reviewed work(s): County Government in Virginia: A Legislative History, 1607-1904 by Albert Ogden Porter
The William and Mary Quarterly, Third Series, Vol. 5, No. 2 (Apr., 1948), pp. 269-272 Published by: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1917460
2. Slavery and Freedom: The American Paradox
Edmund S. Morgan
The Journal of American History, Vol. 59, No. 1 (Jun., 1972), pp. 5-29
Published by: Organization of American Historians
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1888384
3. The Port Towns of the Pamunkey
Malcolm H. Harris
The William and Mary Quarterly, Second Series, Vol. 23, No. 4 (Oct., 1943), pp. 493-516
Published by: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1923198
4. Bacon's Rebellion
The William and Mary Quarterly, Vol. 9, No. 1 (Jul., 1900), pp. 1-10
Published by: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1914836
5. Review: [untitled]
Reviewed work(s): The Story of Bacon's Rebellion by Mary Newton Standard
The William and Mary Quarterly, Vol. 16, No. 2 (Oct., 1907), p. 144
Published by: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1915726
Sources
1. Review: [untitled]
Susie M. Ames
Reviewed work(s): County Government in Virginia: A Legislative History, 1607-1904 by Albert Ogden Porter
The William and Mary Quarterly, Third Series, Vol. 5, No. 2 (Apr., 1948), pp. 269-272 Published by: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1917460
2. Slavery and Freedom: The American Paradox
Edmund S. Morgan
The Journal of American History, Vol. 59, No. 1 (Jun., 1972), pp. 5-29
Published by: Organization of American Historians
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1888384
3. The Port Towns of the Pamunkey
Malcolm H. Harris
The William and Mary Quarterly, Second Series, Vol. 23, No. 4 (Oct., 1943), pp. 493-516
Published by: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1923198
4. Bacon's Rebellion
The William and Mary Quarterly, Vol. 9, No. 1 (Jul., 1900), pp. 1-10
Published by: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1914836
5. Review: [untitled]
Reviewed work(s): The Story of Bacon's Rebellion by Mary Newton Standard
The William and Mary Quarterly, Vol. 16, No. 2 (Oct., 1907), p. 144
Published by: Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1915726
Arbella Serman
* The answers to these questions are what our group thought and responded to the quotes.
#1
- For Winthrop, what is the benefit of a well coordinated (social, spiritual,political)body?
For Winthrop, I think that the benefit of a well coordinated body the most perfect and proportional body bonded by love. If all "bodies" are perfect and well coordinated then the "community" will all work together being perfect and well coordinated.
-Why might the metaphor of the body makes sense to Winthrop's audience?
The metaphor makes sense to his audience because these people knew all about the Bible which means that they know the " Body of Christ." Which is portrayed in this quote.
- How might this union of separate parts create a genuine COMMONWEALTH?
This union of parts could create a genuine commonwealth because if everyone loved one another, there wouldn't be any animosity or division, which would mean that everyone works together and builds a perfect commonwealth.
#2
-What is the word new? What did it mean to name the colony New England? Why not not come up with some kind of name that denoted complete newness and separation from old world?
To Winthrop, new is taking what they had in the old colony and making a new and refined colony. To name the colony New England meant that they were taking their same beliefs and aspects of Old England, but making it better.I think that they wanted the same thing however more reformed. They couldn't find it in Old England so they sought for it in New England.
#3
- How did Puritans, and Winthrop, view their charter for colonization as a spiritual mandate to purify the world of Christendom?
I think the Puritans thought that God blessed this charter, so it's their job to fulfill it and make it prosper.
#4
- How did Winthrop view the MA Bay Co. as an example for further colonists and colonial efforts?
He wanted MA Bay Co. to succeed so that all other colonies would look up to the company.
- What does it mean, or what did Winthrop mean, to be a " city upon a hill?"
To be a City upon a hill means to be the "shining star" or role model for all people of the colony and other colonies as well. To be this, it is important for the leaders of this " city upon a hill" to stay pure.
#1
- For Winthrop, what is the benefit of a well coordinated (social, spiritual,political)body?
For Winthrop, I think that the benefit of a well coordinated body the most perfect and proportional body bonded by love. If all "bodies" are perfect and well coordinated then the "community" will all work together being perfect and well coordinated.
-Why might the metaphor of the body makes sense to Winthrop's audience?
The metaphor makes sense to his audience because these people knew all about the Bible which means that they know the " Body of Christ." Which is portrayed in this quote.
- How might this union of separate parts create a genuine COMMONWEALTH?
This union of parts could create a genuine commonwealth because if everyone loved one another, there wouldn't be any animosity or division, which would mean that everyone works together and builds a perfect commonwealth.
#2
-What is the word new? What did it mean to name the colony New England? Why not not come up with some kind of name that denoted complete newness and separation from old world?
To Winthrop, new is taking what they had in the old colony and making a new and refined colony. To name the colony New England meant that they were taking their same beliefs and aspects of Old England, but making it better.I think that they wanted the same thing however more reformed. They couldn't find it in Old England so they sought for it in New England.
#3
- How did Puritans, and Winthrop, view their charter for colonization as a spiritual mandate to purify the world of Christendom?
I think the Puritans thought that God blessed this charter, so it's their job to fulfill it and make it prosper.
#4
- How did Winthrop view the MA Bay Co. as an example for further colonists and colonial efforts?
He wanted MA Bay Co. to succeed so that all other colonies would look up to the company.
- What does it mean, or what did Winthrop mean, to be a " city upon a hill?"
To be a City upon a hill means to be the "shining star" or role model for all people of the colony and other colonies as well. To be this, it is important for the leaders of this " city upon a hill" to stay pure.
They Say 2: Bacon's Rebellion
"A Young People's History of the United States" by Howard Zinn and Rebecca Stefoff states that " Bacon's Rebellion was an uprising of angry, poor colonists against two groups they saw as their enemies. One was the Indians. The other was the colonists'...leaders"(35). Throughout chapter 3, Zinn and Stefoff discuss that these colonists were fighting over lands, but "Both groups claimed they owned the land," (48)which makes this conflict. Also, attempting to bring down corruption of the Virginian Government, affirming that they "...felt that the government had let them down," (36) and so did William Berkly, the Governor of Virginia. This book was recommended ultimately for younger readers, portraying that Bacon was a "hero." This is also portrayed in Robert Beverly's " The History and Present State of Virginia," where Berkly writes that Nathaniel Bacon " ...was young [and] bold," and that he was a " great Honor and Esteem among the People."
Bacon's Rebellion is also believed to have started because of tobacco and taxation's. " [The] extreme low Price of Tobacco, and the ill usage of the Planters in the Exchange of Goods for it...could not [be remedied]," says Robert Beverly in the " History and Present State of Virginia." Furthermore, he says " and the extravagant taxes [colonists] were forced to undergo," were all reason's for the start of Bacon's Rebellion.
"Whether They Be Friends or Foes" by Michael J. Puglisi was written more for older people, like historians. Pulglisi states an argument that " there has been a tendency in American history to see relations between Indians and American colonists purely in terms of conflict and separation" (76). Puglisi argues the criticism that American history puts towards Bacon's Rebellion. He describes the how the" traditional view has been to describe gap,"(76) between these two sides.
Bacon's Rebellion is also believed to have started because of tobacco and taxation's. " [The] extreme low Price of Tobacco, and the ill usage of the Planters in the Exchange of Goods for it...could not [be remedied]," says Robert Beverly in the " History and Present State of Virginia." Furthermore, he says " and the extravagant taxes [colonists] were forced to undergo," were all reason's for the start of Bacon's Rebellion.
"Whether They Be Friends or Foes" by Michael J. Puglisi was written more for older people, like historians. Pulglisi states an argument that " there has been a tendency in American history to see relations between Indians and American colonists purely in terms of conflict and separation" (76). Puglisi argues the criticism that American history puts towards Bacon's Rebellion. He describes the how the" traditional view has been to describe gap,"(76) between these two sides.
Tuesday, October 7, 2008
They Say: Bacon's Rebellion
"A Young People's History of the United States" by Howard Zinn and Rebecca Stefoff states that " Bacon's Rebellion was an uprising of angry, poor colonists against two groups they saw as their enemies. One was the Indians. The other was the colonists'...leaders"(35). Throughout chapter 3, Zinn and Stefoff discuss that these colonists were fighting over lands, "Both groups claimed they owned the land..." (48) Also, attempting to bring down corruption of the Virginian Government, affirming that they "...felt that the government had let them down" (36). This book was recommended ultimately for younger readers, portraying that Bacon was a "hero."
"Whether They Be Friends or Foes" by Michael J. Puglisi was written more for older people, like historians. Pulglisi states an argument that " there has been a tendency in American history to see relations between Indians and American colonists purely in terms of conflict and separation" (76). Puglisi argues the criticism that American history puts towards Bacon's Rebellion. He describes the how the" traditional view has been to describe gap(76)," between these two sides.
"Whether They Be Friends or Foes" by Michael J. Puglisi was written more for older people, like historians. Pulglisi states an argument that " there has been a tendency in American history to see relations between Indians and American colonists purely in terms of conflict and separation" (76). Puglisi argues the criticism that American history puts towards Bacon's Rebellion. He describes the how the" traditional view has been to describe gap(76)," between these two sides.
Friday, October 3, 2008
" 'Political Economy' of the Body" 3rd Qoute
“In the darkest region of the political field the condemned man represents the symmetrical , inverted figure of the king.” (29)
In response to this quote, I believe that it is saying, every man who is below the highest power still feels like they have some kind of power/control. Even though the "King" thinks he has all dominance, the men think they have some power also.
In response to this quote, I believe that it is saying, every man who is below the highest power still feels like they have some kind of power/control. Even though the "King" thinks he has all dominance, the men think they have some power also.
Wednesday, October 1, 2008
" 'Political Economy' of the Body"
“[T]he body is . . . directly involved in a political field; power relations have an immediate hold upon it; they invest it, mark it, train it, torture it, force it to carry out tasks, to perform ceremonies, to emit signs.” (25)
This quote brings representation to slavery. The way I see it is that the quote represents the way slaves were treated by their owners. It describes different things owners did to their slaves, like torture and violence. I believe that the "Body" is the slave(s) and the quote is explaining what they went through and how they were treated.
“[I]t is largely as a force of production that the body is invested with relations of power and domination; but, on the other hand, its constitution as labor power is possible only if it is caught up in a system of subjection . . . the body becomes a useful."
I believe that this quote is illustrating how hard the slaves worked; the harder they worked, depending on if they were an indentured servant or slave, you could eventually be a rightful citizen. Also, the mass consumption of tobacco would not of happened unless slaves and servants worked to produce tobacco, as hard as they did. Without their extremely hard work, crops and production would of suffered.
This quote brings representation to slavery. The way I see it is that the quote represents the way slaves were treated by their owners. It describes different things owners did to their slaves, like torture and violence. I believe that the "Body" is the slave(s) and the quote is explaining what they went through and how they were treated.
“[I]t is largely as a force of production that the body is invested with relations of power and domination; but, on the other hand, its constitution as labor power is possible only if it is caught up in a system of subjection . . . the body becomes a useful."
I believe that this quote is illustrating how hard the slaves worked; the harder they worked, depending on if they were an indentured servant or slave, you could eventually be a rightful citizen. Also, the mass consumption of tobacco would not of happened unless slaves and servants worked to produce tobacco, as hard as they did. Without their extremely hard work, crops and production would of suffered.
American Tobacco and European Consumers Summary
During the 1600’s, tobacco became the reason the Chesapeake colonies flourished. Since people from across the Atlantic were willing to buy such extravagant amounts of tobacco, the increase in aspiration from the Europeans for the product was its only worth. In the beginning, the cost of the tobacco was to expensive for most people to afford during the 1600’s. However, in the 1700’s, the demand for the product increased even more causing the price to decrease. With a decrease in the cost of tobacco, it became affordable to a wider range of people. The new demand for tobacco caused new forms of lifestyle and a growth in new industries, making tobacco the most popular product of consumption.
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